- Izindlela ezibalulekile zokukhetha irobhothi elifanele ngokusekelwe eminyakeni, isabelomali, kanye nemigomo yemfundo.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwamathuluzi okuhlela asebenza kahle kakhulu, kusukela kumabhulokhi abonakalayo kuya ezilimini zombhalo.
- Ikhathalogi eningiliziwe yamarobhothi anconyelwe isigaba ngasinye sesikole kanye namaphrojekthi asebenzayo okukhuthaza ukucabanga kwekhompyutha.
Ukungena ezweni lamarobhothi ezemfundo ekuqaleni kungabonakala sengathi kuyindaba ebuhlungu ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinketho emakethe. Akukhona nje ukuthenga igajethi yakamuva, kodwa kumayelana nokuthola ithuluzi elifanele lemfundo elihambisana nalokho esifuna abafundi bakufunde kanye nezinsiza ezitholakala esikoleni.
Isihluthulelo sempumelelo sisekuqondeni ukuthi amarobhothi awayona inhloso ngokwawo, kodwa ayindlela yokuthuthukisa ukucabanga okunengqondo kanye nobuciko . Ngokuhlanganisa lobu buchwepheshe, asigcini nje ngokufundisa abafundi indlela yokuhlanganisa izintambo noma ukubhala ikhodi, kodwa futhi sithuthukisa ikhono labo lokuxazulula izinkinga zangempela futhi sisebenze ngokubambisana, sibalungiselela izinselele zesikhathi esizayo.
Indlela yokukhetha irobhothi elifanele isikhungo sakho
Asikho ikhambi elifanela bonke; irobhothi eliphelele lincike ngokuphelele kumongo. Lapho wenza isinqumo, kubalulekile ukucabangela iminyaka yabafundi , izinhloso zekharikhulamu, isikhathi sangempela sekilasi esitholakalayo, kanye, nesabelomali. Kungcono ukukhetha kusengaphambili amamodeli amathathu noma amane ngaphambi kokuthenga.
Uma usebenza esikhungweni esikhulu, kungcono ukufuna amarobhothi enzelwe iminyaka emincane kakhulu ukuze kwandiswe ukufunda. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isikole sincane, kuyalulekwa ukuthi utshale imali emishinini ehlukahlukene ekuvumela ukuthi usebenze nabafundi bamazinga ahlukene emfundo , ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho.
- Ukudla: Nakuba amabhethri ebonakala eshibhile ekuqaleni, amabhethri angaphinde akhokhelwe Akungabazeki ukuthi ziyinketho ehlakaniphile kakhulu. Zivimbela ikilasi ukuthi liyeke ukusebenza phakathi nesikhathi futhi ziyaqhubeka isikhathi eside.
- Uhlobo lwesakhiwo: Amarobhothi amancane alungele ukuqala ngokushesha nokusebenza kokuqukethwe okuhlanganisa izifundo (njengomzimba womuntu). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amarobhothi okwakha Ziyindlela engcono kakhulu kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12 ubudala, njengoba zivumela ukuqonda okujulile ngobunjiniyela kanye nobuchwepheshe bemishini.
Ukuqonda Amarobhothi: Ithiyori Nomkhuba
Ukuze siqondise kahle amakilasi, kumele sihlukanise phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amarobhothi asebenzayo agxila ezicini eziphathekayo: ukuhlanganiswa, ukulawulwa kwengqalasizinda, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlanzekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amarobhothi anomqondo abhekana nayo yonke i-ecosystem yedijithali, okuhlanganisa isayensi yamakhompyutha, ukuzenzekela, kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa bamanje.
Ngokuyisisekelo, irobhothi uhlelo olusebenzisa izinzwa ukuqoqa idatha endaweni yalo futhi, ngokusekelwe kulolo lwazi, lenza isenzo esihleliwe. Kulesi simo, kuyasiza ukukhumbula imithetho eyisisekelo yamarobhothi , ethi imishini kumele ivikele abantu, ilalele imiyalo, futhi ekugcineni, iqinisekise ukuphepha kwayo ngaphandle kokwephula imithetho eshiwo ngenhla.
Amapulatifomu okuhlela anconyiwe
Ukuze kusizwe abafundi bathathe isinyathelo sokubhala amakhodi, kunamathuluzi aklanyelwe ngqo ukuvimbela ukukhungatheka. Kuye ngeminyaka yabo, singakhetha ezindaweni ezahlukene:
- I-Code.org kanye ne-Scratch: Ziyizilinganiso zomhlaba wonke. Nakuba eyokuqala inikeza isingeniso esilula kakhulu, Ukuklwebha nokuklwebha Jr Zikuvumela ukuthi udale izindaba nemidlalo exhumanayo usebenzisa amabhlogo, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.
- Izitaki, Amabhulokhi kanye ne-mBlock: Amathuluzi anamandla ekilasini. I-Pilas Bloques iguquguquka kakhulu kusukela eminyakeni emi-3, kanti mBlock Kuyinguquko ephefumulelwe yiScratch ekuvumela ukuthi ushintshe kusuka ekuhleleni okunezithombe kuya kokubhala.
- I-LightBot noMumuki: Ilungele labo abafuna indlela yokudlala kakhudlwana. I-LightBot isebenzisa amaphazili ahlanganisiwe ukufundisa i-logic, kanti uMumuki ugxila ekucabangeni ngekhompyutha ngokusebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho okujabulisayo.
Amarobhothi ngokwesigaba semfundo
Ezinganeni ezincane kunazo zonke (ezineminyaka emi-3 kuya kwengu-7 ubudala), sidinga amarobhothi alula, azwela ukuthinta. I- Code-a-Pillar iyamangalisa ekwethuleni ukulandelana, kuyilapho i-Bee-Bot ne-Blue-Bot kuyizinto zakudala ezinganqobeki ngenxa yobulula bazo. Uma sifuna okuthile okusekelwe ku-Montessori Method, i-Cubetto iyindlela ephelele njengoba ingasebenzisi izikrini. Ezinye izinketho ezithakazelisayo zifaka phakathi i-Kibo , enamabhulokhi ayo enkuni, noma i-Code ne-Go ekhangayo.
Kubafundi besikole samabanga aphansi nabasesikoleni samabanga aphansi, singathuthukisa izinto. I-Dash iyirobhothi ephelele kakhulu enezinzwa ezithuthukisiwe, futhi i-mBot ilungele ukwethula ama-elekthronikhi kusukela eminyakeni engu-8. Ngaphakathi komndeni wakwaLego, ikhithi ye -WeDo iyindawo efanele yokungena yokuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa nesofthiwe.
Uma sifika esikoleni samabanga aphezulu kanye nesamabanga aphezulu, sidinga amandla. I-Lego Mindstorms EV3 iyigugu elibalulekile, elisivumela ukuthi sakhe imishini eyinkimbinkimbi eneprosesa ethuthukisiwe. Ngokufanayo, i-Ozobot ivelele ngokuhlanganisa ipulatifomu ye-inthanethi enamandla kakhulu yothisha nabafundi.
Amaphrojekthi awusizo ekilasini
Amarobhothi akudingeki asebenzise amakhithi abizayo ngaso sonke isikhathi; ungazama ngezinto ezilula. Isibonelo, ukudala inzwa yokushisa eyenziwe ekhaya kusisiza siqonde ukuthi imishini ibona kanjani indawo yayo. Ngokufanayo, ukwakha isinambuzane esisebenza ngamarobhothi kusenza sikwazi ukuhlanganisa ucwaningo lwezinto eziphilayo nokudalwa kokwenziwa.
Eminye imisebenzi ekhuthaza kakhulu ihlanganisa ukuklama izandla zomshini kusukela ezitsheni ukuze kufundwe ngokwakheka komzimba womuntu, noma ukwakha ishaja ephathekayo ukuze kuxoxwe ngomthelela wobuchwepheshe kwezemvelo. Amasekethe kagesi ayisisekelo angaklanywa futhi (njengomdlalo we-Crazy Pulse), noma kungadalwa umshini we-doodle ukuze kuhlanganiswe ubuciko nobunjiniyela obulula.
Ukusebenzisa amarobhothi kwezemfundo kuguqula ikilasi libe yilabhorethri yokuhlola njalo. Ngokuhlanganisa ukukhetha okufanele kwehadiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwamapulatifomu okuhlela anembile, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi asetshenziswa ngezandla, senza abafundi bangagcini nje ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kodwa futhi bafunde ukuthi bangabudala kanjani, sithuthukise amakhono abo okuhlaziya kanye nobuhlakani ngendlela ejabulisayo nengokwemvelo.