- Ukusetshenziswa kokuvikelwa okusekelwe kwihadiwe kusetshenziswa imvelo ye-TEE ne-PlayReady yokuqukethwe kwe-UHD.
- Ukuphathwa kwelayisensi yedijithali kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokubethela ezifana ne-AES128CBC kanye ne-HEVC.
- Ukuhlaziywa kokwehluleka okuvamile kuzibuyekezo ze-Windows 11 kanye nokubaluleka kokuhambisana kwe-HDCP.
Uma sikhuluma ngokudla okuqukethwe okulalelwayo okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, sihlangana ne -DRM, noma i-Digital Rights Management . Empeleni, uhlelo oluvimbela noma ubani ukuthi athathe ividiyo aye nayo ekhaya ngaphandle kwemvume, okuqinisekisa ukuthi yilabo kuphela abanokhiye ofanele abangacindezela ukudlala. Kuhlelo lwe-Windows 11, lokhu sekuyinkinga ebalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma sifuna ukubuka okuqukethwe ku-4K noma ku-UHD ngaphandle kokuba isikrini sibe mnyama.
Akukhona nje ukufaka ilokhi esikrinini, kodwa mayelana nokudala indawo ephephile lapho ihadiwe nesofthiwe zisebenza ndawonye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-PlayReady kuya ezinkingeni ezibangelwa izibuyekezo zakamuva zesistimu yokusebenza, ukuqonda ukuthi ukudlala okuvikelwe kusebenza kanjani kubalulekile kokubili kunjiniyela wohlelo lokusebenza nakumsebenzisi ofuna nje ukubukela i-movie ayithandayo ngaphandle kokuthi i-PC yakhe ibangele noma yimiphi imikhawulo.
Inhliziyo yesistimu: I-PlayReady kanye nokuphepha kwehadiwe
Ukuze kuvinjelwe okuqukethwe okunenani eliphezulu ukuthi kungaphangwa ngemizuzu emihlanu, iMicrosoft ithembele ekuvikelweni okusekelwe kwihadiwe . Lokhu kusho ukuthi akwanele ukuthi uhlelo lumane lumemezele ukuthi ividiyo iphephile; ingqikithi ye-cryptographic yedivayisi kumele iqinisekise ukudlala. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukujabulela okuqukethwe okunencazelo ephezulu (1080p) kanye ne-Ultra HD (UHD) kumadivayisi amaningi, okuvikela hhayi ividiyo ngokwayo kuphela, kodwa nezinkinobho zangasese kanye namasampula omsindo acindezelwe.
Ku-Windows, lokhu kuphathwa nge- Trusted Execution Environment (TEE ). Esikhundleni sokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luphathe konke, kusetshenziswa ungqimba lwe-proxy lwe-OEM ukuthumela izicelo ohlelweni olungaphansi lwe-Windows Media Foundation. Ukusuka lapho, umyalo ufinyelela kumshayeli we-TrEE womkhiqizi noma kumshayeli wehluzo. Kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa yindlela kuphela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezibalulekile azithinteki ngesikhathi senqubo.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho usetha i-hardware DRM
Akuyona yonke into ehamba kahle. Izinto eziningana zobuchwepheshe zingabangela izinkinga zokudlala. Isibonelo, i- Output Protection Level (OPL) ibalulekile. Ku-Windows 10 kanye ne-11, i-HWDRM ayivumeli ukwehlisa isinqumo uma i-HDCP ingavuliwe. Eqinisweni, kunconywa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-HD kube ne-OPL engaphezu kuka-270 nokuthi ilayisensi idinga inguqulo ye-HDCP engu-2.2 ukuze kugwenywe izinkinga.
Enye imininingwane exakile ukuthi uhlelo luqinile kakhulu ngama-monitor. Uma unezikrini ezimbili futhi esinye sazo singasekeli i-HDCP, ukudlala kuzohluleka noma ividiyo ibukwa kuphela esikrinini esihambisanayo. Ngokungafani nesofthiwe i-DRM (SWDRM) , lapha isikrini esibuthakathaka siyabaluleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uhlelo lusebenzise ihadiwe, ilayisensi yevidiyo kumele ibe nezinga lokuphepha eliphansi elingu-3000 , kanye nomsindo, uma ubethelwe, okungenani ongu-2000.
Asikwazi futhi ukukhohlwa izinkinga ngamakhadi ehluzo. Uma umsebenzisi eshintsha i-GPU yakhe, amalayisense aqhubekayo axhunywe kwihadiwe endala ayalahleka. I-PlayReady ibhekana nalokhu ngokusebenzisa isitoreji se-HDS esihlukile sekhadi ngalinye, kodwa uhlelo lokusebenza kumele lukwazi ukusingatha umsebenzisi "olahlekelwa" yilayisensi yakhe futhi kudingeke acele entsha.
Indlela yokugwema i-hardware DRM uma ingasekelwa
Kunezimo lapho i-HWDRM iyisithiyo kakhulu kunokuba usizo. Isibonelo, uma okuqukethwe kusebenzisa i -codec ngaphandle kwe-H.264 noma i-HEVC , noma uma kungokuqukethwe kohlobo lwe-Cocktail, ihadiwe ngeke ikwazi ukuthi yenzeni. Kulezi zimo, ikhambi elingcono kakhulu ukuphoqa ukuvikelwa kwesofthiwe . Ukuze wenze lokhu, dala isitsha esibizwa ngokuthi "i-PlayReady" kuzilungiselelo zendawo zohlelo lokusebenza bese usetha inani le-SoftwareOverride ku-1.
Ukuze unqume ukuthi usebenzisa isofthiwe noma ihadiwe ngempela, kukhona icebo elilula: hlola ifolda ye-LocalCache yohlelo lokusebenza. Uma uthola ifayela elibizwa ngokuthi i-mspr.hds , usemodini yesofthiwe. Uma ubona noma yiliphi elinye ifayela le-.hds, ihadiwe isithathile. Ukuze uhlole ukuhambisana ngokohlelo, ungasebenzisa umsebenzi we -PlayReadyStatics.CheckSupportedHardware , ozokutshela ukuthi idivayisi isekela ukubethela kwe-HEVC noma kwe-AES128CBC.
Inqubo yokuthola amalungelo eMedia Foundation
Ukuze udlale ifayela elivikelwe, inqubo iqala ngokunquma ukuthi umthombo udinga indawo evikelwe ngokubiza i -MFRequireProtectedEnvironment . Uma impendulo inguyebo, awukwazi ukudala iseshini kuhlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile; esikhundleni salokho, kufanele usebenzise i-MFCreatePMPMediaSession , eqala inqubo esikhaleni sememori esivikelwe (i-PMP).
Okulandelayo kuza isinyathelo sokuthola amalungelo . Uhlelo lokusebenza luthola isivuseleli sokuqukethwe (i-IMFContentEnabler) futhi kumele lunqume ukuthi luzosebenzisa yini ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo noma okungathuli. Uma ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo kwehluleka ngephutha i-NS_E_DRM_LICENSE_NOTACQUIRED , uhlelo lokusebenza kumele lucele idatha ye-HTTP POST lusebenzisa i-GetEnableData bese luyithumela ku-URL yelayisensi enikezwe uhlelo ukuze kutholakale ukhiye wokufinyelela.
Inkinga yokuvuselelwa kweWindows 11
Ngezinye izikhathi iMicrosoft idlula ngokweqile ngama-patches. Muva nje, isibuyekezo se- KB5065426 (kanye ne-KB5064081) sibangele izinkinga kubasebenzisi abaningi benguqulo 24H2. Inkinga isekutheni uhlelo luphatha kanjani imodyuli yokuvikela kanye ne- Enhanced Video Renderer (EVR) . Lokhu kubangele ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Blu-ray ne-DVD zibonise isikrini esimnyama noma ziqine ngokuphelele.
Nakuba izinsizakalo zokusakaza ezifana neNetflix neDisney+ ngokuvamile zigcinwa, isofthiwe edinga ukuhambisana okuqinile kwe-HDCP iye yahlupheka kakhulu. Isincomo esijwayelekile kulabo abathembele kuma-disc angokoqobo ukuthi bahlehlise izibuyekezo zesistimu kuze kube yilapho kukhishwa i-patch. Abasebenzisi abaningi sebevele basikisela ukuthi kukhutshazwe izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo futhi bazisebenzise njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ukuze kugwenywe lezi "zici ezingafuneki" ezibeka engcupheni ukudlala okuphephile.
Ezinye izixazululo ze-DRM kanye nezindinganiso zemboni
Ngaphandle kwezwe elivaliwe leMicrosoft, kukhona ezinye iziqhwaga ezinkulu, njengeGoogle Widevine kanye ne-Apple FairPlay . I-Widevine ibusa kakhulu ku-Android kanye ne-Chrome, ihlukaniswe ngezigaba: I-L1 iyindlela ephephe kakhulu (indlela yevidiyo evikelwe), kanti i-L3 iwuhlobo oluyisisekelo lapho ukucutshungulwa kwe-CPU kuphathwa khona futhi okuqukethwe kwe-HD akukwazi ukubukwa. I-FairPlay, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iyindlela ekhethwayo ye-Apple ecosystem, isebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-HLS (HTTP Live Streaming).
Ukuze ikhambi le-DRM lisebenze kahle kakhulu endaweni yebhizinisi, kumele lihlangabezane nezinsika ezinhlanu: kube lula ukulisebenzisa ukuze lingakhungathekisi ikhasimende, livikele ulwazi kokubili ngesikhathi sokuphumula kanye nesikhathi sokuthutha, ligcine ama-audit log anemininingwane , livumelane nemithetho efana ne-GDPR, futhi livumele okuqukethwe kuhlelwe noma kubukwe ngaphandle kwemingcele eyeqile.
Ukuphepha kokuqukethwe kwedijithali ku-Windows 11 kuncike ekusebenzisaneni okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwesitifiketi sehadiwe , ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwezinqubo ezifana ne-PlayReady, kanye nokufakwa kokuvuselelwa kwesistimu ngokucophelela. Uma nje abathuthukisi bethuthukisa ukuguquka phakathi kokuphepha kwesofthiwe nehadiwe futhi abasebenzisi beqinisekisa ukuthi baneziqaphi ezihambisana ne-HDCP, ulwazi lokusetshenziswa kwemidiya olunencazelo ephezulu luzohlala lungenamthungo futhi luvikelwe ekukopishweni okungagunyaziwe.
