- Incazelo yezinto ezisetshenziswayo njengehadiwe eyisizayo evumela ukusebenzisana phakathi komsebenzisi kanye neyunithi yokucubungula ephakathi.
- Ukuhlukaniswa okuningiliziwe ngamadivayisi okufaka, okukhiphayo, ahlanganisiwe kanye nokugcina ngokuya ngesiqondiso sokugeleza kwedatha.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwezingxenye ezibalulekile njengekhibhodi, amamonitha, kanye namayunithi esitoreji sangaphandle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwesistimu.
Uma sikhuluma ngokwakha ikhompyutha noma ukuthuthukisa leyo esinayo ekhaya, sivame ukugxila kakhulu kuprosesa noma i-RAM. Kodwa-ke, kuneqembu lezingxenye ezisivumela ngempela ukuxhumana nomshini futhi sisebenzise ngokugcwele amandla awo: izinto ezisetshenziswayo. Ngokuyisisekelo, lawa wonke amadivayisi axhuma kubhodi lomama futhi engeza imisebenzi eyengeziwe, kungaba ukufaka, ukukhipha, noma ukugcina idatha yesikhathi esizayo.
Into exakile ukuthi, nakuba siwabona njengengxenye eyisisekelo yemishini, ngokwezobuchwepheshe ayizingxenye ezizimele nezisizayo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umongo wesistimu—okungukuthi, i-CPU kanye nememori eyinhloko—ungaqhubeka nokusebenza ngaphandle kwawo, yize bekungeke kwenzeke ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha uma besingenayo indlela yokuyinika imiyalo noma ukubona ukuthi kwenzekani. Lawa madivayisi axhuma ngamachweba ahlukahlukene, njenge- USB etholakala yonke indawo, i-VGA, i-HDMI, noma i-Ethernet , kuye ngokuthi yini adinga ukuyidlulisela.
Amadivayisi Okufaka: Ibhuloho eliya ohlelweni
Ukuze ikhompyutha yenze noma yini, idinga kuqala ukuthola imiyalelo. Yilapho amadivayisi okufaka angena khona, enza ulwazi oluvela ezweni langaphandle lube yidijithali ukuze uhlelo lukwazi ukulucubungula. Lokhu akubandakanyi umbhalo kuphela; kungathwebula nemisindo, izithombe, ukunyakaza, ngisho nokushisa noma ukuthinta.
Isibonelo esisobala kakhulu ikhibhodi, lapho sifaka khona idatha yezinombolo. Kodwa sinezinye izinto ezibalulekile njengegundane , elihumusha ukunyakaza ngokomzimba kube ukunyakaza kwesikhombisi. Kuye ngobuchwepheshe, singathola amagundane asebenza ngebhola (manje asekhulile), amagundane abonakalayo asebenzisa i-LED noma i-laser, kanye nama-touchpad ahlanganiswe kuma-laptop asebenza ngokuthinta okuqondile.
Uma siqhubekela ekuthwebuleni umsindo nevidiyo, sithola imakrofoni, eguqula amaza omsindo abe amasignali kagesi, kanye nekhamera yewebhu. Kokugcina, ikhwalithi ichazwa ngama -megapixel esithombe kanye nozimele bevidiyo ngomzuzwana (fps). Amanye amadivayisi akhethekile afaka phakathi isithwebuli, esiguqula amadokhumenti angokoqobo abe yifomethi yedijithali ngokusekelwe kumachashazi nge-intshi (dpi) , kanye ne-stylus noma amaphilisi ehluzo, amathuluzi ayisihluthulelo kulabo abasebenza ekuklameni ihluzo noma ubunjiniyela.
Ama-Output Peripherals: Ukubuka Imiphumela Ngeso Lengqondo
Uma ikhompyutha isicubungule ulwazi, idinga ukulubuyisela kithi ngendlela esingayiqonda. Amadivayisi okukhipha aguqula idatha yedijithali ibe amafomethi okuzwa, okubonakalayo, noma okuphrintiwe , okuvumela opharetha ukuthi azi kahle ukuthi kwenzekani eyunithi yokucubungula ephakathi.
Akungabazeki ukuthi i-monitor iyisici senkanyezi. Yidivayisi edala indawo ebonakalayo lapho sisebenzisana khona nesofthiwe. Kuye ngesidingo, kunezinketho ezisukela kuzikrini ezilula kuya kuma-monitor anesinqumo esiphezulu noma ama-ultrawide. Ngomsindo, sinezipikha nama-headphone, okuveza umsindo endaweni noma ngqo ezindlebeni zethu.
Asikwazi ukukhohlwa iphrinta, ehlala ibalulekile ekubekeni ulwazi ephepheni nasekubeni nekhophi egciniwe ebonakalayo. Ngokufanayo, kunezisetshenziswa ezikhethekile kakhulu ezifana namaphrojektha edijithali, aguqula izimpawu zevidiyo zibe ukukhanya ukuze ziboniswe ezindaweni ezinkulu, noma izinhlelo ze-GPS ezisinikeza idatha yendawo yesikhathi sangempela.
Izingxenye Ezihlanganisiwe Nezokugcina Izinto
Amanye amadivayisi awakwazi ukuhlukaniswa kalula ngoba angathumela futhi amukele idatha ngasikhathi sinye. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi okokufaka/okukhiphayo noma ama-peripherals axubile. Isibonelo esihle yisikrini sokuthinta: iyidivayisi yokukhipha ngoba ibonisa isithombe, kodwa futhi iyidivayisi yokufaka ngoba sisebenzisana nayo ngokuthinta indawo yayo.
Leli qembu lihlanganisa nemodemu noma i-router, okuyinhliziyo yokuxhumeka kwethu kwe-inthanethi, njengoba ilawula ithrafikhi yedatha engenayo nephumayo . Okunye okuphawulekayo amaphrinta emisebenzi eminingi, ahlanganisa ukuskena (okufakayo) nokuphrinta (okukhiphayo), kanye nama-headset e-virtual reality, aveza izithombe ngenkathi elandelela ukunyakaza kwekhanda lomsebenzisi .
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinezisetshenziswa zokugcina idatha. Nakuba ngokomthetho zisebenza njengamadivayisi okugcina idatha kanye nawokugcina idatha, inhloso yazo eyinhloko ukuvikela ulwazi unomphela noma okwesikhashana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-hard drive angaphandle kanye nama-USB flash drive, aphathekayo kakhulu. Kukhona nezishisi ze-CD ne-DVD, ezivumela idatha ukuthi igcinwe kuma-optical media, ezimweni eziningi, afundwa kuphela.
Lonke lolu hlaka lwehadiwe lusebenza ngokuvumelana okuphelele ngenxa yesofthiwe, okuyiqoqo lezinhlelo ezitshela idivayisi ngayinye ukuthi iziphathe kanjani. Kusukela ekhadini lenethiwekhi elisixhumanisa nomhlaba kuya kwimemori ye-flash ebamba amafayela ethu, into ngayinye idlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ukubala kube lula futhi kusebenze kahle ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke.